일본 정부가 후쿠시마 원전 오염수를 바다에 방류할 예정입니다.
그 시기는 올해 2023년 봄에서 여름이 예상됩니다. 현재까지 쌓여있는 방사성 원전 오염수는 132만 톤에 달하며, 하루에 140톤의 방사능 오염 물질이 발생하고 있습니다.
먼저 후쿠시마 원전사고에 대해서 알아아합니다.
후쿠시마 원전사고는 2011년 3월 11일에 일본 동북부 지방을 관통한 규모 9.0의 대지진과 그로 인한 쓰나미로 발생한 사고입니다. 원자로 1~3호기의 전원이 멈추면서 원자로를 식혀 주는 긴급 노심냉각장치가 멈추면서 지진 발생 다음날인 12일에 1호기에서 수소폭발이 발생했습니다.
이틀 뒤인 3월 14일에는 3호기 15일에는 2호기, 4호기가 수소 폭발하여 방사성 물질을 포함한 기체가 대량으로 외부 누출되었습니다. 정상화를 위한 복구작업에서 냉각장치를 대신해 뿌렸던 바닷물이 방사성물질을 머금은 상태로바다로 누출되었습니다
The disaster at Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (located in Futaba-un, Fukushima) was triggered by a 9.0 magnitude earthquake that hit northeastern Japan on March 11, 2011, when the power of reactors 1 to 3 stopped. At the time of the great earthquake, out of a total of six reactors at Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant 1, Units 1, 2, and 3 were in operation, and Units 4, 5, and 6 were under inspection. However, the emergency core cooling system, which cools the reactor, stopped working after the tsunami caused by the earthquake, and a hydrogen explosion occurred at Unit 1 on March 12.
Two days later, a large number of gases, including radioactive materials, leaked to the outside due to hydrogen explosions in Unit 3 on March 14, hydrogen explosions in Units 2 and 4 on March 15, and fire in the cooling and storage tanks of spent fuel rods. Since then, the cooling functions of Units 5 and 6 have been completely normalized on March 19, and the power recovery work of Units 1 and 2 has been completed on the 20th, apparently overcoming the first crisis. However, as seawater sprayed on behalf of the broken cooling system leaked into contaminated water containing radioactive materials, high-radiation liquids emerged as a problem. On March 24, radioactive materials 10,000 times higher than the reactor core during normal operation were detected around the turbine room of Unit 3, and water holes containing high concentrations of radioactive materials were also found in the turbine rooms of Units 1 and 2. In addition, on April 2, radioactive iodine 131 was detected in the sea near the intake of nuclear power plant No. 2, and 200,000 Bq per 1 cm 3 was detected in the morning of the 4th, and high-concentration contaminated water leaked into the sea. As a result, the problem of disposing of contaminated water became urgent, and in the end, the Japanese government released low-oncentration contaminated water into the sea from April 4 to 10 to secure storage space. As such, the situation at Fukushima nuclear power plant continued to deteriorate due to explosion of concrete walls, fire in spent nuclear fuel storage facilities, radioactive material leakage, core melting caused by exposure to fuel rods, and marine pollution caused by radioactive pollutants.
Meanwhile, in addition to iodine and cesium, various radioactive substances such as tellurium, ruthenium, lanthanum, barium, cerium, cobalt and zirconium were detected around the Fukushima nuclear power plant in Japan after the accident. These materials are very rare in their natural state and are fission products that occur when uranium in a nuclear fuel rod causes fission. In the end, plutonium, which is familiar as a raw material for nuclear weapons, was detected in the soil of the nuclear power plant site, and strontium, which causes bone marrow cancer, was detected in the soil of Fukushima on April 12, 2011. Meanwhile, the radioactive material spread around the world in a westerly wind and was detected in Korea as well as the United States, Europe, and China, adding to its seriousness.
이렇게 일본이 후쿠시마 원전사고 오염수를 바다로 방류하게 된다면 4년에서 5년 뒤에 우리나라 해역도 방사능 오염의 영향을 받게 될 것으로 예상하고 있습니다.
해양 생태계 뿐만 아니라 최상위 포식자인 인간의 신체에도 영향을 미치겠죠.
전세계 특히 우리나라 국민들 모두가 관심을 가지고 지켜봐야 할 필요가 있다고 생각됩니다
The simulation analysis was only aimed at the spread of tritium, so the process of accumulating and moving various radioactive materials (nuclei species) released along the biological food chain was not considered. Therefore, this analysis does not show the overall impact of discharging contaminated water on the environment. In addition to tritium, various radioactive substances are contained in the contaminated water that Japan is trying to discharge.
Japan's TEPCO has announced plans to start discharging water this spring, but the schedule may be delayed if the Japan Nuclear Regulatory Commission's review of the change in the contaminated water monitoring plan and the International Atomic Energy Agency's review are prolonged.
Regarding the announcement of the simulation results, environmental groups and opposition parties responded, "It is hasty and wrong to conclude that this simulation alone has little impact on us." This is because the Japanese data entered in the analysis model is unreliable and the biological concentration of radioactive materials is not considered.
Many experts, including the National Oceanographic Research Institute, which has more than 100 marine research institutes, said, "The Japanese government's data does not trust the government's data and plans based on the lack of critical data on each tank's radionuclide content and lack of performance.
In addition, the Democratic Party of Korea's response team to stop the discharge of Fukushima contaminated water also said, "Japan's verification of false data should be prioritized" after the simulation results were released. "It is difficult to expect reliability because it is based on Japan's false data and claims," the response team said in a statement. "What we need to do now is to demand verifiable and transparent Fukushima contaminated water data from the Japanese government and prepare for international legal measures such as provisional measures to prevent the discharge of Fukushima contaminated water."
이에 일본 정부는 위험 물질을 걸러내고 40분의 1로 희석하며 방사능 오염수의 성분을 분석해서 위험을 대비하겠다고 하는데요. 환경단체 및 환경 전문가들과 대립 중 입니다
중국과 러시아 등 주변국도 적극적으로 대응해주었으면 좋겠네요
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